Compliance concerns involving coding, billing, documentation, reimbursement, patient incentives, and other operational practices require more than a quick review or informal conversation. Organizations must be able to investigate allegations objectively, preserve relevant evidence, determine the appropriate scope, document findings, and implement corrective actions that address the underlying cause. This practical session walks attendees through the complete lifecycle of a healthcare compliance investigation, from receiving an allegation and conducting an initial assessment through evidence collection, interviews, findings, reporting, and resolution. Attendees will learn how to develop a defensible investigation plan, distinguish facts from assumptions, evaluate evidence against applicable policies and regulatory requirements, and avoid common investigation failures such as vague scoping, inadequate documentation, delayed escalation, retaliation risk, and corrective action limited to education alone. Using realistic healthcare scenarios involving Evaluation and Management coding, modifier 25, overpayments, and patient incentives, the session will demonstrate how compliance, coding, auditing, and operational professionals can work together to investigate concerns fairly, consistently, and effectively. The session will also address when legal counsel should be involved, how to protect confidentiality and privilege, and how to translate investigation findings into sustainable corrective action and ongoing monitoring.